Georgia Land Use Trends Land Cover of Georgia 2005

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Metadata:


Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: Natural Resources Spatial Analysis Laboratory
Publication_Date: 20071001
Publication_Time: Unknown
Title: Georgia Land Use Trends Land Cover of Georgia 2005
Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Athens, GA
Publisher:
Natural Resources Spatial Analysis Laboratory, University of Georgia
Online_Linkage: <http://narsal.ecology.uga.edu>
Description:
Abstract:
The Georgia Land Use Trends (GLUT) 2005 Land Cover layer for the state of Georgia was produced by the Natural Resources Spatial Analysis Laboratory (NARSAL). One of the primary goals of the project is to generate a current, consistent, seamless, and accurate Land cover dataset circa 2005 for the state of Georgia at medium spatial resolution. This land cover map and all documents pertaining to it are considered "provisional" until a formal accuracy assessment can be conducted. For a detailed definition and discussion on NARSAL and the GLUT products, refer to <http://narsal.ecology.uga.edu>.
Purpose:
The goal of this project is to provide complete, current, and consistent public domain information on Georgia's land use and land cover.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 20050101
Ending_Date: 20051231
Currentness_Reference: ground condition
Status:
Progress: Complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -86.408244
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -80.216096
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.332481
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 30.115467
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Theme_Keyword: NARSAL
Theme_Keyword: GIS
Theme_Keyword: GLUT
Theme_Keyword: Land Cover
Theme_Keyword: digital spatial data
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
Place_Keyword: United States
Place_Keyword: U.S.
Place_Keyword: Georgia
Place_Keyword: Ridge and Valley
Place_Keyword: Cumberland Plateau
Place_Keyword: Blue Ridge
Place_Keyword: Piedmont
Place_Keyword: Fall Line
Place_Keyword: Coastal Plain
Place_Keyword: Coast
Access_Constraints: None
Use_Constraints: Site appropriately.
Point_of_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Organization:
Natural Resources Spatial Analysis Laboratory, School of Ecology, University of Georgia
Contact_Person: Elizabeth Kramer
Contact_Position: Director
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: Natural Resources Spatial Analysis Laboratory
Address: Odum School of Ecology
Address: University of Georgia
City: Athens
State_or_Province: GA
Postal_Code: 30602
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 706-542-3577
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lkramer@uga.edu
Hours_of_Service: 0900 - 1700 ET, M - F (-5h EST/-4h EDT GMT)
Contact_Instructions:
For questions regarding data content and quality, refer to: <http://narsal.ecology.uga.edu> or email: lkramer@uga.edu
Data_Set_Credit:
Elizabeth Kramer, Jason Lee, Kevin Samples, Justin Driver, NARSAL
Security_Information:
Security_Classification_System: None
Security_Classification: Unclassified
Native_Data_Set_Environment:
Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.2.4.1420

Data_Quality_Information:
Attribute_Accuracy:
Attribute_Accuracy_Report:
The purpose of accuracy assessment is to allow a potential user to determine the map's "fitness for use" for their application. It is impossible for the original cartographer to anticipate all future applications of a land cover map, so the assessment should provide enough information for the user to evaluate fitness for their unique purpose. This can be described as the degree to which the data quality characteristics collectively suit an intended application. The information reported includes details on the database's spatial, thematic, and temporal characteristics and their accuracy.

The information on data quality was generated by the Decision Tree algorithm that conducts a cross-validation for assessing classification and prediction reliability. No formal independent accuracy assessment of the land cover has been made. The regression tree algorithm employed in mapping the land cover offers a cross-validation option for assessing classification and prediction reliability. Cross-validation can provide relatively reliable estimates for land cover predictions if the reference data used for cross-validation are collected based on a statistical valid sampling design. For the land cover modeling, a 10-fold cross-validation was conducted by dividing the entire training data set into 10 subsets of equal size. For each model run, an accuracy estimate was derived using one subset to evaluate the model prediction (with the model developed using the remaining training samples). This process was repeated 10 times. After all 10 runs, an average value of all accuracy estimates from the 10 runs were computed. Users should be cautioned that these cross-validation results provide users with only first-order estimates of data quality, and should not be considered a formal accuracy assessment.

Quantitative_Attribute_Accuracy_Assessment:
Attribute_Accuracy_Value: 83.0
Attribute_Accuracy_Explanation:
The above listed value is the overall accuracy obtained for the land cover data using a cross-validation estimate from the decision tree model. The Natural Resources Spatial Analysis Laboratory can make no guarantee as to the accuracy or completeness of this information, and it is provided with the understanding that it is not guaranteed to be correct or complete. Conclusions drawn from this information are the responsibility of the user.

The 2005 GLUT land cover is a satellite imagery derived map of generally coarse nature; it is not intended to be used at scales finer than approximately 1:100,000. The accuracy of the map varies by class, and users interested in particular classes should consult tables listing specific class accuracies. There are rarely sharp lines delineating natural land cover types in Georgia. In Georgia, we mapped areas of open ocean seven miles out from the coast line. All land cover figures include these areas of open ocean.

Logical_Consistency_Report:
The methods employed to map land cover for Georgia consists of several key steps: deriving reference data from the high spatial resolution images, develop models using reference data, Landsat spectral bands, and ancillary data, and extrapolating the model spatially to map a statewide land cover.

Additional information may be found at <http://narsal.ecology.uga.edu>

Completeness_Report:
This NARSAL GLUT 2005 Land Cover product for Georgia is the version 1 dated 10-01-2007
Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: N/A
Lineage:
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The land cover classification was achieved by use of a classification and decision tree method (DT) using a combination of Landsat TM imagery and ancillary data. The specific DT program employed is called See5, which implements a gain ratio criterion in tree development and pruning (Quinlan, 1993). See5 also implements several advanced features that can aid and improve land cover classification, including boosting and cross-validation. Boosting is a technique for improving classification accuracy, while cross-validation can provide a certain level of estimation regarding the land cover classification quality.

The primary data sets used were mosaicked +ETM (TM imagery) satellite imagery from 2005 for spring, leafoff, and leafon conditions. Also used were TM derived tasseled caps, TM thermal bands, digital elevation models (DEMs), DEM slope calculations, and selected NAPP DOQQs (used for training sets).

Selection of training data for Georgia consisted of identifying areas that have remained unchaged since 2001. This was accomplished by creating a conservative change detection with GLUT 2001 TM imagery and 2005 TM imagery. Training data was then sampled from those areas that were determined to be unchanged and identified as the corresponding GLUT 2001 Land Cover class.

Our target sample size, based on EDC recommendations, was approximately 3,000 training sample points. This was stratified by the sizes of the each class within the unchanged areas.

Process_Date: 20071001
Process_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Kevin Samples
Contact_Organization:
Natural Resources Spatial Analysis Laboratory, University of Georgia
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: NARSAL, Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia
City: Athens
State_or_Province: GA
Postal_Code: 30602
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 706-542-3489
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ksamples@uga.edu
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Several layers of ancillary data were prepared before classification of the satellite imagery was undertaken. Railroads, utility swaths and airports and runways for each county were located on the imagery and edited for positional accuracy. The edited vector coverages were then converted to grids and given the attribute of the class they represented.

The inclusion of several classes relied on the use of ancillary data and hand digitizing to incorporate them into the database. The demarcation line between freshwater and brackish wetlands was determined using the NWI map.

Process_Step:
Process_Description:
Wetlands were mapped using a logistic regression method where approximately 2,000 random samples were collected per HUC 12 watershed using the NWI as the training dataset and NDVI, DEM, and TM imagery as independent variables. Wetland presence probabilities were generated independently for each HUC 12. Probability cutoffs were determined by the average probability coincident with the NWI per HUC 12.
Process_Step:
Process_Description:
The Classification and Regression Tree (CART) Sampling tool provided by the USGS was used to sample the training data pool. To create the final GLUT 2005 land cover for this zone, a hierarchical-masking approach was utilized to limit spectral confusion, classification speckle, and to create a cohesive contiguous classification. The hierarchical-masking approach consists of creating multiple CART classifications of increasing detail utilizing each previous classification as a mask to limit the spatial distribution of each detailed class.

Note that the training data were used to map all land cover classes except for the two classes in urban and sub-urban areas. All urban and suburban land cover classes were mapped and quality assessed separately through a sub-pixel quantification of impervious surfaces using a regression tree modeling method.

Following the development of the best classification through decision tree modeling, additional steps were required to complete the final land cover product. The four classes in urban and suburban areas were determined from the percent imperviousness mapping product. The multiple hierarchical classifications were combined with the urban classes to complete the land cover product. Finally visual inspection of the classification was made with areas/pixels that were wrongly classified, such as cloud and shadow, were reclassified by using CART models which excluded the offending imagery.

Process_Step:
Process_Description: Metadata imported.
Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: G:\GLUT\statistics\2001_30m_stats_022807.img.xml

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
Raster_Object_Information:
Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
Row_Count: 18910
Column_Count: 18791
Vertical_Count: 1

Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Grid_Coordinate_System:
Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
UTM_Zone_Number: 17
Transverse_Mercator:
Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -81.000000
Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
False_Easting: 500000.000000
False_Northing: 0.000000
Planar_Coordinate_Information:
Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
Coordinate_Representation:
Abscissa_Resolution: 30.000000
Ordinate_Resolution: 30.000000
Planar_Distance_Units: meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983
Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80
Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222

Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: 2005_30m_stats_022807.img.vat
Entity_Type_Definition: Land Cover
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Count
Attribute_Definition: Class Histogram
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain: Numbers that represent the total number of pixels in a class.
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: Value
Attribute_Definition: Land Cover Class
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 7
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Beach/Dune/Mud
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 11
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Open Water
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 22
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Low Intensity Urban
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 24
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: High Intensity Urban
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 31
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Clearcut/Sparse
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 34
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Quarries/Strip Mines/Rock Outcrop
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 41
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Deciduous Forest
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 42
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Evergreen Forest
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 43
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Mixed Forest
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 81
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Row Crop/Pasture
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 91
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Forested Wetland
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 92
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Non-Forested Salt/Brackish Wetland
Enumerated_Domain:
Enumerated_Domain_Value: 93
Enumerated_Domain_Value_Definition: Non-Forested Freshwater Wetland
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: OID
Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number.
Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Unrepresentable_Domain:
Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically generated.

Distribution_Information:
Resource_Description: Downloadable data
Distribution_Liability:
Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at NARSAL, no warranty expressed or implied is made by NARSAL regarding the use of the data on any other system, nor does the act of distribution constitute any such warranty. Data may have been compiled from various outside sources. Spatial information may not meet National Map Accuracy Standards. This information may be updated without notification. NARSAL shall not be liable for any activity involving these data, installation, fitness of the data for a particular purpose, its use, or analyses results.
Standard_Order_Process:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Transfer_Size: 0.000

Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 20080226
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Kevin Samples
Contact_Organization:
Natural Resources Spatial Analysis Laboratory, School of Ecology, University of Georgia
Contact_Address:
Address_Type: mailing and physical address
Address: NARSAL, School of Ecology, University of Georgia
City: Athens
State_or_Province: GA
Postal_Code: 30602
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: 706-542-3489
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: ksamples@uga.edu
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
Metadata_Use_Constraints: None
Metadata_Security_Information:
Metadata_Security_Classification_System: None
Metadata_Security_Classification: None
Metadata_Security_Handling_Description: None
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile
Metadata_Extensions:
Online_Linkage: <http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html>
Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile

Generated by mp version 2.8.6 on Tue Feb 26 11:01:28 2008